PANAJI
Increasing tourism and fishing activities, raw sewage discharge and improper garbage disposal has led to creation of microplastic hotspots in the surface waters of the Zuari River, reveals a study by Goa University.
A study “Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Zuari river, Goa” conducted by the University, has recommended a detailed report to assess the impact of microplastics on critical resources like seafood and salt pans (river is a source for traditional salt farming practices), as contamination could have serious implications for human health.
“It was observed that Zuari River was contaminated by microplastics from diverse sources across its upstream and downstream regions. Key contributors to microplastic pollution in the river include untreated domestic sewage, commercial fishing, tourism activities, ropes, jetties, and surface runoff from land-based plastic waste,” the study stated.
“Smaller microplastics (0.3–1 mm) were most prevalent raising concerns as they pose a higher risk of ingestion by aquatic organisms, facilitating their entry into the food chain,” it said further.
“While the level of contamination and associated risks is lower compared to other rivers, the presence of MPs in the Zuari River still raises significant concerns for both human health and aquatic life,” it added.
The study claims that MPs can cause physical injuries, obstruct digestive systems, disrupt feeding and reproduction, and contribute to heavy metal toxicity, among other adverse effects on organism.
According to the study, the highest concentration of microplastics (1.38 particles/L), was recorded at Siridao Beach in the downstream region of the Zuari River. Other locations, such as Vaiguinim beach and Cacra beach, respectively, also showed notable concentrations of microplastics. Additionally, sites with higher microplastic loads include near St. Jacinto Island, and near a fishing jetty.
“The elevated microplastic concentrations at these sites are likely linked to tourism activities, fishing nets, ropes, fishing jetties, nearby hotels, and improper plastic waste disposal,” it said.
In the upstream region of the River, two tributaries -- the Guleli River, and the Uguem River -- that converge and contribute to the main river system, the microplastic contamination was detected at all sampling sites, indicating that these tributaries are polluted with MPs.
The tourist destination -- Selaulim Dam has the highest microplastic concentration in the upstream region of the Zuari River.
“The presence of microplastics in upstream regions was likely influenced by factors such as plastic waste disposal, untreated domestic sewage, and surface runoff,” the study said.
The researchers have recommended that it is imperative to implement robust plastic waste management strategies, enhance public awareness, and curb the usage of plastic products. Additionally, reducing human activities that contribute to MP pollution, such as unregulated waste disposal and overuse of plastics, is essential, they said.
